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Exercises
Turn the indicative sentences into subjunctive sentences.
Use the same words as in the indicative sentence.
- Pienso que él se disgusta con todo.
No pienso que .[I (don’t) think that he gets annoyed about everything.]|verb of thought in the negative + que + subjuntivo
- Creo que el paquete llegó a tiempo.
No creo que el paquete .[I (don’t) think that the parcel arrived on time.]|verb of thought in the negative + que + subjuntivo
- Te aseguro que a estas horas Maribel ya habrá acabado.
No te aseguro que .[I can(not) assure you that Maribel will be done by this time.]|verb of speech in the negative + que + subjuntivo
- De haberlo sabido, habría llegado antes.
De no haberlo sabido, .[If I had (not) known that, I would have come sooner.]|verb of speech in the negative + que + subjuntivo
- ¿Estás seguro de que el tren llegaba hoy?
¿No estás seguro de que ?[Are you (not) sure that the train is supposed to arrive today?]|verb of speech in the negative + que + subjuntivo
Type in the correct form of the subjunctive.
- Me (gustar) poder haber ido contigo.[I would have liked to be able to go with you.]|action that did not take place in the past → pretérito pluscuamperfecto subjuntivo
- Voy a quedarme un rato más a pesar de que ya (ser) la hora.[I will stay a little bit longer, even if it’s getting late.]|the indicative action expresses a continuation of the current action, the subjunctive action also indicates the present → presente subjuntivo
- Seguro que le dejaron entrar al examen aunque no (llegar) a tiempo.[Surely they let him in for the exam, even if he didn’t arrive on time.]|the indicative action takes place in the place, arriving and being let in happen basically simultaneously → pretérito imperfecto
- Si antes (hacer/nosotros) las cosas bien, ahora no tendríamos ningún problema.[If we had done things correctly at first, we wouldn’t have a problem now.]|action that did not take place in the past → pretérito pluscuamperfecto subjuntivo
- Mientras no te (comer) todo, no te levantarás de la mesa.[As long as you haven’t eaten everything, you won’t get up from the table.]|the verb in the indicative clause is in the future, the subjunctive action has to have been completed first (anteriority) → pretérito perfecto
Type in the verbs in the correct tense.
Decide if you need to use the indicative or the subjunctive.
- Ricardo: La semana pasada (encontrarse) con Pablo en la Plaza Mayor.[Last week I met Pablo at the Plaza Mayor.]|action did actually take place → indicative|signal words: La semana pasada → pretérito indefinido Tú también le (ver) si aquel día me (acompañar) a la academia.[You would have seen him too, if you had accompanied me to the academy on that day.]|conditional clause, type III|1st space → futuro compuesto/pretérito pluscuamperfecto subjuntivo|2nd space → pretérito pluscuamperfecto subjuntivo
- Carolina: ¿Y qué tal (estar) Pablo?[And how is Pablo?]|condition in the present → presente indicativo Tengo entendido que por fin (terminar) sus estudios y que (trabajar) en el extranjero en un par de meses.[I heard that he’s finally finished his studies and that he’s going to work abroad for a few months.]|1st space: completed action, with two possible solutions: pretérito indefinido or pretérito perfecto|2nd space: future action, with three possible solutions: futuro simple or futuro próximo or verbal periphrase mit iba a + verb (indicates a plan)
- Ricardo: Sí, y eso a pesar de que (tardar) tanto en terminarlos.[Yes, even though it took him so long to finish it.]|There are three possible solutions: pretérito imperfecto subjuntivo or pretérito perfecto subjuntivo or pretérito perfecto indicativo|signal word: a pesar de que + Subjuntivo (not required, however) Todavía (recordar/yo) cuando nosotros (estudiar) durante toda la noche en la época de exámenes.[I can still remember how we studied all night long for exams.]|action did actually take place → indicative|1st space: action in the present → presente indicativo|2nd space: action in the past, progression of action is emphasised → pretérito imperfecto Seguro que las clases intensivas de los últimos años (servir) para algo.[Surely the intensive classes of the last few years did their job.]|action in the past, with three possible solutions: pretérito indefinido or pretérito perfecto or futuro perfecto (as a supposition about an action in the past = … will have done their job.)
- Carolina: ¡Es cierto, no (acordarse/yo) ![That’s true, I had forgotten that. (literally: …, I didn’t remember.)]|emphasises that the event had been forgotten for a longer period of time → pretérito imperfecto Últimamente, nosotros sólo (recibir/nosotros) malas noticias y ya (ser) hora de que (traer/tú) también buenas.[Recently we’ve only gotten bad news, so it’s about time that you bring us some good news.]|1st space: recently and often (signal word: últimamente) → pretérito perfecto|2nd space: typical idiom It’s about time that … = Era hora de que → pretérito imperfecto|3rd space: the verb in the main clause is in a past tense and the action in the subjunctive takes place at the same time → pretérito imperfecto subjuntivo (Tener/nosotros) que llamarle este fin de semana para celebrarlo.[We should call him this weekend to celebrate.]|action in the future, we can use two possible tenses here → presente or futuro simple
- Ricardo: Claro que sí. Me alegro de que Pablo (acabar) la carrera.[Yes, definitely. I’m glad that Pablo completed his studies.]|Me alegro que takes the subjunctive, there are two possible solutions: pretérito imperfecto subjuntivo or pretérito perfecto subjuntivo No creo que (haber) una persona más perseverante que él.[I don’t think there is a more persevering person than him.]|No creo takes the subjunctive, action in the present → presente subjuntivo Si no le (conocer) , yo también le (dar) una oportunidad en mi empresa.[Even if I didn’t know him, I would give him a chance in my company/I would have given him…]|conditional clause type II|1st space: pretérito imperfecto subjuntivo|2nd space, two possible solutions: 1st possibility: referring to the present (would give him) → condicional simple|2nd possibility: referring to the past (would have given him) → pretérito pluscuamperfecto subjuntivo
